Triumph Spitfire

12 Ocak 2016 Salı

CITROËN TA- FRONT - CAR. History front drive in Russia — in our country Triumph Spitfire front-wheel drive for a long period of time were evaluated negatively overall. It was associated with deplorable road conditions of the country, as one of significant disadvantages of the front wheel is quite rightly considered poor permeability. For road conditions the USSR relied the most suitable cars "classic" layout, and in the subcompact class cars — rear-engined. It is these considerations that played a role when choosing a prototype for the first domestic car very small class "Zaporozhets" which was the Italian Fiat 600 rear position of the power unit.

For those years that decision should be recognized true, as the permeability of the "Zaporozhets" really got into legends, and front-wheel drive cars in those years all over the world were rare. The less, front-drive schemes have been studied, prototypes were built. The first example front-wheel drive car made in the USSR, was mikrolitražka Amateur designer, engineer L. I. Fox. She was open body simplified form with no doors, driven by motorcycle engine IZH-49 for not turning the front wheels, and the only control the rear wheel. This car was built in a single copy in 1957. All-wheel drive (4x4, 4WD, AWD) the drivetrain design of the car, when the torque the moment generated by the engine is transmitted to all wheels. THE MOST COMMON (BUT NOT THE ONLY) SCHEME OF TRANSMISSION ALL-WHEEL DRIVE CAR. Until the eighties, four-wheel drive was associated exclusively with off-road technique, a four-wheel drive the cars have increased ground clearance and other attributes of high patency.

However, after the system quattro on pure-cars cars Audi and a number of similar systems from other companies, drive to all wheels has been addressed as a means of improving handling characteristics of conventional vehicles without the problem of increasing permeability. In this case, provided the most efficient use of engine power in any mode movement, improves handling, especially on slippery surfaces.With these goals all-wheel drive is used on sports cars, for example, Lamborghini Murciélago and some models of Porsche, as well as on Executive cars to increase the level of active safety — examples of such uses include system 4Matic (on cars Mercedes Benz), XWD (Saab), xDrive (BMW), and domestic developments — transmission Executive manufacture "Volga" GAS-3105. There are three main scheme of a full drive: all-wheel drive (part-time), permanent full drive (full-time) and permanent on-demand all-wheel drive (on-demand full-time).

Plug full drive - the most simple and at the the most reliable scheme of a full drive: in normal operation is transmitted only on one axis, and if necessary, connects the second axis using a transfer box. When you connect the axis is rigidly associated between them and rotate at the same speed, which creates some limitations: four-wheel drive can only be used on the coverings allowing for the slippage of the wheels (mud, sand, snow, ice, etc.). When rigid axles in the transmission can occur circulation power. When moving at a good horizontal the road circulating capacity (CM) can be significant. The CM is not used to overcome forces the resistance to movement of the vehicle, additional Triumph Spitfire load mechanisms the drivetrain and the tires, causing increased wear.